[pam-users] Saarikoski et al., Environmental Pollution, 2024; Sasso et al., Fuel, 2024

[pam-users]

Sanna Saarikoski, Anssi Järvinen, Lassi Markkula, Minna Aurela, Niina Kuittinen, Jussi Hoivala, Luis M.F. Barreira, Päivi Aakko-Saksa, Teemu Lepistö, Petteri Marjanen, Hilkka Timonen, Henri Hakkarainen, Pasi Jalava, Topi Rönkkö, Towards zero pollution vehicles by advanced fuels and exhaust aftertreatment technologies, Environmental Pollution, 347, 123665, ISSN 0269-7491, 2024 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123665.

Abstract. Vehicular emissions deteriorate air quality in urban areas notably. The aim of this study was to conduct an in-depth characterization of gaseous and particle emissions, and their potential to form secondary aerosol emissions, of the cars meeting the most recent emission Euro 6d standards, and to investigate the impact of fuel as well as engine and aftertreatment technologies on pollutants at warm and cold ambient temperatures. Studied vehicles were a diesel car with a diesel particulate filter (DPF), two gasoline cars (with and without a gasoline particulate filter (GPF)), and a car using compressed natural gas (CNG). The impact of fuel aromatic content was examined for the diesel car and the gasoline car without the GPF. The results showed that the utilization of exhaust particulate filter was important both in diesel and gasoline cars. The gasoline car without the GPF emitted relatively high concentrations of particles compared to the other technologies but the implementation of the GPF decreased particle emissions, and the potential to form secondary aerosols in atmospheric processes. The diesel car equipped with the DPF emitted low particle number concentrations except during the DPF regeneration events. Aromatic-free gasoline and diesel fuel efficiently reduced exhaust particles. Since the renewal of vehicle fleet is a relatively slow process, changing the fuel composition can be seen as a faster way to affect traffic emissions.
PAM Wiki - Publications Using the PAM Oxidation Flow Reactor (google.com)<https://sites.google.com/site/pamwiki/publications-using-the-pam-oxidation-flow-reactor?authuser=0>


Fabio Sasso, Francesca Picca, Alessia Pignatelli, Mario Commodo, Patrizia Minutolo, Andrea D'Anna, A laboratory study of secondary organic aerosol formation in an oxidation flow reactor, Fuel, 367, 131491, ISSN 0016-2361, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2024.131491, 2024.

Abstract. Secondary organic aerosol is formed through the atmospheric oxidation of gas-phase organic compounds and primary aerosols. Despite the potential risks that this class of particles poses to human health and climate, how primary emissions contribute to the formation of secondary organic aerosols remains largely unknown. This study examines the formation of secondary organic aerosols resulting from the oxidation of soot nanoparticles generated by a premixed laminar ethylene-air-rich flame. The exhaust gases and particles from the flame are conveyed into an oxidation flow reactor to simulate the atmospheric conditions in which secondary aerosol formation reactions occur. The pristine and oxidized aerosols are analyzed online using a scanning mobility particle sizer system to assess their size distributions. Moreover, collected aerosols are chemically characterized using a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer. The secondary aerosol formed exhibits an increase in mean diameter under different oxidation conditions and reveals an enhanced concentration compared to primary aerosols. These changes are accompanied by significant alterations in the chemical composition of the aerosols.

PAM Wiki - Publications Using Other Oxidation Flow Reactors (google.com)<https://sites.google.com/site/pamwiki/publications-using-other-oxidation-flow-reactors>


Andrew Lambe
Principal Scientist
Aerodyne Research, Inc.

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