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<p class="MsoNormal">Noblet, C., Lestremau, F., Dermigny, A., Karoski, N., Chatellier, C., Beaumont, J., Liu, Y., Vansevenant, B., Besombes, J.-L., and Albinet, A.: Differentiating between Euro 5 gasoline and diesel light-duty engine primary and secondary particle
emissions using multivariate statistical analysis of high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) fingerprints, Aerosol Research, 3, 569–587, <a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-3-569-2025" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.5194/ar-3-569-2025</a>, 2025. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Abstract</b>. Emissions from gasoline and diesel vehicles are predominant anthropogenic sources in ambient air, and their accurate source apportionment is a major concern for air quality policymakers aiming to implement effective strategies
to reduce air pollution. Recent studies indicate that particulate matter (PM) emissions from modern cars equipped with the latest after-treatment technologies are mainly related to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) production, particularly in the case of gasoline
vehicles. However, distinguishing between emissions from gasoline and diesel vehicles in ambient air remains challenging and is rarely achieved. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of non-targeted-screening (NTS) analyses for determining specific organic
molecular markers of primary organic aerosol (POA) and SOA from gasoline and diesel vehicles, which could enhance PM source apportionment efforts. Experiments were conducted using a chassis dynamometer with Euro 5 gasoline and diesel vehicles under three different
driving cycles. Exhaust emissions were diluted before being introduced into a potential aerosol mass oxidation flow reactor (PAM-OFR) to simulate atmospheric ageing and SOA formation. Samples were collected both upstream and downstream of the PAM-OFR and analysed
using NTS approaches with liquid- and gas-chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC- and GC-QToF-MS). The chemical fingerprints obtained were compared using multivariate statistical analyses, including principal component analysis
(PCA), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), and partial least-square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Results revealed specific fingerprints of POA and SOA for each type of vehicle tested and about 10 markers unique to each fraction of diesel and gasoline
vehicles. This study demonstrates the promise of combining high-resolution mass-spectrometry-based NTS with advanced multivariate statistical analyses to differentiate between OA fingerprints and to discover specific markers of diesel and gasoline vehicular
sources for further use in PM source apportionment studies.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://sites.google.com/site/pamwiki/publications-using-the-pam-oxidation-flow-reactor">PAM Wiki - Publications Using the PAM Oxidation Flow Reactor</a><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;mso-ligatures:none">Andrew Lambe<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;mso-ligatures:none">Principal Scientist<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;mso-ligatures:none">Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;mso-ligatures:none">Aerodyne Research, Inc.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;mso-ligatures:none">45 Manning Rd., Billerica, MA, 01821<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";color:black;mso-ligatures:none">+1-978-663-9500 x 209<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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